The order of the hypothesis testing process is described by which of the following? Show A. define the sampling distribution, state hypotheses, collect data, compare results to sampling distribution, decide whether to reject or retain the null hypothesis In the Results section for a study, comparing a sample of scores to a population value, we would include the ______. A. type of statistical
test computed, computed value of the test, its df and significance level, effect size, and practical significance Recommended textbook solutions
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Statistics and Probability with Applications3rd EditionDaren S. Starnes, Josh Tabor 2,555 solutions Both quantitative and qualitative researchers disseminate their findings, most often by publishing reports of their research as journal articles , which concisely describe what researcher did and what they found. Journal articles often consist of an abstract (a synopsis of the study) and four major sections that often follow the IMRAD format : an I ntroduction (the research problem and its context); M ethod section (the strategies used to answer research questions); R esults (study findings); a nd D iscussion (interpretation and implications of the findings). Research reports are often difficult to read because they are dense, concise, and contain jargon. Quantitative research reports may be intimidating at first because, compared to qualitative reports, they are more impersonal and report on statistical tests. Statistical tests are used to test hypotheses and to evaluate the reliability of the findings. Findings that are statistically significant have a high probability of being "real." A goal of this book is to help students to prepare a research critique , which is a critical appraisal of the strengths and limitations of a study, often to assess the worth of the evidence for nursing practice. Researchers face numerous challenges, the solutions to which must be considered in critiquing a study because they affect the inferences that can be made. An inference is a conclusion drawn from the study evidence, taking into account the methods used to generate that evidence. Researchers strive to have their inferences correspond to the truth . Reliability (a key challenge in quantitative research) refers to the accuracy of information obtained in a study. Validity broadly concerns the soundness of the study's evidence—that is, whether the findings are convincing and well grounded. Trustworthiness in qualitative research encompasses several different dimensions, including credibility, dependability, confirmability, transferability, and authenticity. Credibility is achieved to the extent that the methods engender confidence in the truth of the data and in the researchers' interpretations. Triangulation , the use of multiple sources to draw conclusions about the truth, is one approach to enhancing credibility. A bias is an influence that produces a distortion in the study results. In quantitative studies, research control is an approach to addressing bias. Research control is used to hold constant outside influences on the dependent variable so that the relationship between the independent and dependent variables can be better understood. Researchers seek to control confounding (or extraneous ) variables variables that are extraneous to the purpose of a specific study. For quantitative researchers, randomness having certain features of the study established by chance—is a powerful tool to eliminate bias. When a researcher reports that findings are statistically significant it means that the?Statistically significant findings indicate not only that the researchers' results are unlikely the result of chance, but also that there is an effect or relationship between the variables being studied in the larger population.
When a researcher reports that a result is statistically significant quizlet?What does it mean when a researcher reports that the probability for a statistic was p < 0.01? It means that the probability of error for the statistic is less than 1 in 100, causing the results to be statistically significant.
When we say a result is statistically significant What it means is quizlet?Statistical Significance. An observed difference between two 'descriptive statistics' (e.g. mean scores of two groups) that is unlikely to have occurred by chance (p. 193. Probability level/ significance level/ P-value. .05.
What do statistically significant findings imply quizlet?What do statistically significant findings imply? The results are likely due to real differences among groups.
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